WRI Tech Facts
TF 306-R-03: (D) Welded Wire Reinforcement for Circular Concrete Pipe
1999, 16 pages, by WRI Pipe Committee
This Tech Fact is intended to provide sound recommendations for use in estimating the reinforcing steel in a concrete pipe. The information in tables in the book was compiled using the published reinforcing designs of the American Society for testing and materials "Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe", Designation C 76. In addition to this Tech Fact, the disk includes TF 311-M, TF 208, and CS 199.
TF 311M-03: (D) Metric Welded Wire Reinforcement for Concrete Pipe
1995, 6 pages, by WRI Pipe Committee
Contained in this Tech Fact are the principles of reinforcement and why it's needed in concrete pipe design. D-Load requirements and manufacturing specifications are explained. Examples show metric styles of WWR compared to in-lb styles. Other tables show Canadian Standards, conversion factors, common pipe WWR wire spacings and common wire and dimensional properties for metric sizes as well as in-lb sizes.
TF 702-R-08: Supports Are Needed for Long-Term Performance of Welded Wire Reinforcement In Slabs-On-Grade
Updated 2008, 6 pages
The questions of "why" and "where" supports are necessary are covered in this publication. Types of supports for WWR and the influence of the sub base conditions on their selection are addressed. Suggested spacings of supports are furnished to show the different spacings when wide spaced WWR (step-through styles) is specified vs. the smaller spaced styles.
TF 704-R-03: High Strength Welded Wire Reinforcement Compared with Rebar
1995, 2 pages
This Tech Fact shows an actual distribution facility project that saved considerable costs on the placing of WWR compared with rebar. The high strength WWR saved material costs alone to convince the owner and contractor to use WWR. The contractor's statements give credence to the importance and viability of the use of WWR over rebar in concrete paving, parking lots, and slabs-on-ground.
WRI Case Study
CS 194-R-03: Case Study - Multiple Uses, One Project - Jacob's Field, Cleveland Indians Ball Park, Cleveland, Ohio
1994, 4 pages
Examines use of 490 tons of high strength WWR for paving, slabs-on-grade, supported corridor slabs, precast units, and beam shear cages. Value engineering played a big role in saving money and helped construction stay ahead of schedule. Cost savings of $125,000 were realized by reduced forming turnover time and placing time. By using high strength WWR over conventional strength reinforcing, 15% of the material costs were saved.
CS 196-R-03: Case Study - Precasting - Modular Precast Cells for Correctional Facilities
1997, 4 pages
This publication presents a composite of 3 case histories of precast concrete prison cell projects by 3 different precast producers. It discusses time and cost savings when precast modules are designed into the facilities. How high strength welded wire reinforcement also saves money. The case history is a pictorial review of how the modules are made and offers a time frame of the manufacturing process.
CS 198-R-03: Case Study - Concrete Bridges with Structural High Strength Welded Wire Reinforcement
1998, 6 pages
Discusses the research by the University of Nebraska on precast/prestressed "I" girders and some actual designs and the construction utilizing that research. Also, some recent innovations in the use of structural welded wire reinforcement in bridge deck replacements. Some precast bridge rail members, median barriers, and
sound walls are shown in the case studies.
CS 199-R-03: Case Study - Precast Pipe - (D) Welded Wire Reinforced Precast Concrete Pipeline for Louisville, KY, International Airport Authority
1999, 6 pages
The Louisville International Airport is the 8th largest air cargo airport in the world and 5th largest in the U.S. With the recent paving expansion of the 3000 acre facility, it necessitated a closed discharge system capable of handling over 1,200 cubic feet per second of storm water. Approval was given by the airport authority to allow 96" and 108" diameter precast concrete pipe as an alternate solution to cast in place concrete boxes. The engineer's calculations and sketches are included in this Tech Fact.
CS 298-R-03: Case Study - Tunnel Construction - Washington DC's Metro Tunnel: An Advancement in Concrete Reinforcement
1998, 2 pages
Washington, DC's Metro subway is among the world's highly regarded public transit systems. The 1.1 mile extension of the green line utilizes high strength welded wire reinforcement equivalent to the area of steel of #6 @ 6" as primary reinforcement and #4 @ 16" temperature/shrinkage reinforcement. The welded wire sheets were shipped radius bent.
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